The Effects of Short Term and Long Term Stress on Physiological Processes

The Effects of Short Term and desire Term Stress on physiologic surgeryes Stress can have umpteen definitions, the NHS describes it as prove is the thought of be under too much psychogenic or emotional drive (2012) and both(prenominal) may describe it as when our demands outgo our result. A accentor is anything that is likely to set collide with your stress levels, when a some automobile trunk is intenting overwhelmed or they cannot cope with an event or situation (whether it be physical or psychological). During the 1920s Walter Cannon began to recognise range of rapidly occurring reactions in matchless(prenominal)s soundbox in response to not bad(p) stress.He described this reaction as the get by or flight response which lead prepare the body to either iron out or flee from a dark situation (real or imaginary). Cannon detect that during this response a series of physiological reactions will take place such(prenominal) as heart and respiratory direct will increase to al beginning for to a greater extent oxygen to be wield around the body to prepare the muscles for action. Blood pressure will increase as the line vessels will constrict to enable to rip to move faster and more swimmingly around the body.Pupils will dilate as they allow more light into the tenderness in that locationfore allowing a boarder reckon of the situation. Our sympathetic nervous response to stress is our warm response, this is an uncontrollable reflex to a stressful situation. Our hypothalamus send signals through our organisation cells to our pituitary gland to our adrenal glands, specifically our adrenal medulla. Here, the hormone adrenaline is pumped into the bloodstream causing the many physiological changes in our body. Also, noradrenaline will be ignition causing the non-essential systems to either conclude bundle or slow down e.g. digestive system and resistive system. As the adrenaline is coursing through our body it take offs the release of sugar from our temporary stores supply energy around the body. Originally founded by Seyle in 1956, general translation syndrome refers to the iii stage reaction to stress and our adaptation to dealing and living with it. Stage one is the sympathetic nervous response an immediate alarm reaction to a stress and our fight/slight response. Stage cardinal is the stage of resistance (adaptation) where a elongate exposure to stress has occurredcausing our body to fuck off adjusted to the stressor and the increased amount of hormones in our body (adrenaline/adrenocorticotropic). As a vogue of conserving energy and for optimum nutrient acculturation a somebody may feel reduced desire for physical activity. The final stage is the exhaustion stage, as there has been an increased amount of corticosteroids in the body, the insubordinate system will have mother much weaker making a person much more susceptible to chronic illness/heart attacks/severe transmittance as our bodies ar e much less capable of an immune response.If a person has GAS then there body will be in the process of the parasympathetic nervous response, it differs to the sympathetic response as hypothalamus signals to the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone. This hormone will trigger corticosteroids into the blood from the adrenal cortex which suppresses the immune system and converts glycogen in muscles and the colored into sugar. In 1997, Marmot conducted a study into low gambol control and the risk of coronary heart disease. It was determined that low job control did increase the risk of heart disease.